Wounds due to radiation therapy
Radiation injury is the damage to the soft tissue and bone following
radiation therapy.
There are early and late effects (occurs weeks and years after the
radiation) caused by ischemia, interruption of the blood supply and
direct cells damage, which are sensitive to radiation.
Soft tissue radiation injury:
- Skin atrophy- that is prone to
ulceration and non-healing wounds
- Genitourinary problems –radiation
cystitis (inflammation of the bladder), proctitis (inflammation of the
rectum and anus) resulting to fistulas, abscesses, fibrosis and scar
formation
- Larynx – swelling, pain, difficulty
swallowing and hoarseness
Bone radiation injury:
- Osteoradionecrosis (destruction of the
bone cells)- leading to pathologic fracture and delayed healing
Eye radiation injury:
- Radiation-induced optic neuropathy –
loss of vision
Clinical application of HBO
- Helps in faster wound healing by
formation of new microvasculature (angiogenesis)
- Provides and prepares a better healthy
tissue for skin grafts and dental implants if needed
- Improves bone remodeling by
stimulation new bone to growth (osteogenesis)
- Prevents or arrests already existing
infection
- Prophylaxis – prevention of
development delayed radiation injury